5G和需要速度

Carrier Aggregation

IDC forecasts that by 2025 theglobal datasphere will grow to 163 zettabytes。对于家里的人们来说，这是163万亿千兆字节。大部分这将是移动数据，在手机和物联网设备之间实时传输。

As demand for mobile data increases, mobile carriers and manufacturers face a conundrum. There is a finite amount of radio frequency spectrum at any given time, but they must increase capacity and offer faster data speeds to meet user demand. The key is squeezing the most out of existing RF spectrum – and for that, there’s载波聚合(CA)。

CA是一种组合多个载波信号 - 或“通道”的技术 - 以提高网络性能。作为消费者，我们喜欢CA，因为我们讨厌缓冲。CA加速下载和上传，允许蜂窝网络移动更多数据，更快。

游戏玩家和Instagram影响者，高兴！

CA is already used to combine multiple 4G LTE-Advanced frequency bands. As we approach 5G, cellular service providers will seek to squeeze even more bandwidth out of existing spectrum by combining as many as five channels.

小细胞

细胞基站连接到细胞塔在河流上携带信号，并通过树林到奶奶房子的餐桌。由于5G在4G基础上建立，载体可以简单地升级这些塔，以支持更高的5G频率，如28GHz和39GHz。

但是有一个抓住。这些毫米波（MMWAVE）频率不能穿透墙壁或建筑物。厚厚的墙壁，框架和水泥阻碍了MMWAVE信号，将市中心转向盲区。Plus, being far from a base station is a drag – on your battery life, that is.

这是哪里small cells进来：迷你基站，充当继电器团队，以在物体周围传输，提高电池寿命，并在浓密地位的地区提供额外的提升，如运动体育场，机场和城市中心。小型电池还帮助服务提供商避免卫星道综合征，消除昂贵的屋顶系统，同时延长覆盖范围。

巨大的mimo.

I say, “massive,” you say, “tiny antennas!”

Maybe not, unless you’re an RF engineer familiar with massive MIMO. Massive MIMO is a fancy term for equipping cell towers with more antennas to extend network capacity without requiring more spectrum. Sound familiar?

我们不是在谈论天线或两个。大规模的MIMO系统比传统的MIMO系统有十倍的天线，即立即连接到多个设备。在移动世界大会今年，诺基亚和Sprint展示了大量的MIMO技术，其中64个天线每个用于上行链路和下行链路。According to CIO，此容量增加了多达八次，下载和上传多达五次。

大规模的MIMO被称为5G的骨干。如果没有它，运营商无法处理下一代网络的带宽和容量要求。微小的天线，巨大的影响。

Beamforming

… but tiny antennas also cause massive interference problems.

Enter波束成形，不，那不是传送器。波束成形技术将信号直接驱动到使用点。我们看到了许多新的Wi-Fi路由器，其中波束成形用于将Wi-Fi信号集中并提高信号强度和范围。

Beamforming is used similiarly in base stations. With this technology, base station antennas focus data streams as they leave the tower, improving speed and reliability for consumer devices.

So, whether you’re video chatting across the country or sharing cat memes across the table, take a moment to thank these 4G technologies for the speed.

哦，然后扣你的安全带。我们要格子。